Kwiveki ephelileyo, ukuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina ukusuka e-Asia ukuya e-United States naseYurophu kufikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu. Kwiinkampani eziza kungena kwixesha eliphezulu lokwakha kwakhona izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iindleko zothutho ziya kuhlala ziphezulu.

Ngokutsho kweDrewry World Container Index ekhutshwe ngoLwesine, izinga lokuthutha impahla kwisikhongozeli esingangeenyawo ezingama-40 ukusuka eShanghai ukuya eLos Angeles linyuke laya kwirekhodi ye-US$9,733, ukunyuka kwe-1% ukusuka kwiveki ephelileyo kunye nokunyuka kwe-236% ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo. Izinga lokuthutha impahla ukusuka eShanghai ukuya eRotterdam linyuke laya kwi-US$12,954, ukunyuka kwe-1% ukusuka kwiveki ephelileyo kunye nokunyuka kwe-595% ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo. Isalathisi esidibeneyo esibonisa iindlela ezisibhozo eziphambili zorhwebo sifikelele kwi-US$8,883, ukunyuka kwe-339% ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo.

Esinye sezizathu zokuba imakethi ibe nzima kukungabikho kweekhonteyina ezithwala iimpahla zaseMelika ezingeniswayo kwindlela exakekileyo ye-trans-Pacific. Imithwalo ekwikhonteyina ingena kwisango elikhulu lorhwebo lwaselwandle laseMelika elinomthamo ophindwe kahlanu kuneekhonteyina ezigcwele imithwalo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.

Kudliwanondlebe nabatyali-mali, usihlalo kunye ne-CEO yeHaverty Furniture, enekomkhulu layo e-Atlanta, uthe: "Namhlanje, ukusilela kweekhonteyina, iimveliso, ukuthunyelwa, njl.njl., kunye nazo naziphi na ezi mveliso kuye kwalibaziseka. Konke oku kunzulu kakhulu." Utshilo kwintlanganiso yabatyali-mali kule veki.

Xa ebuzwa ukuba ingxaki yokubonelela kulindeleke ukuba ihlale ixesha elingakanani, uSmith uthe: "Kuthiwa ingxaki yokubonelela iza kuhlala ixesha elide kude kube ngunyaka ozayo. Andicingi ukuba imeko iza kuba ngcono kulo nyaka, mhlawumbi iza kuba ngcono. Kufuneka sihlawule imali eyongezelelweyo ukuze sifumane isikhongozeli nendawo."

Izibuko lisaxinene kwaye liya lisiba mandundu

IPort of Los Angeles ithe ngoLwesithathu ukuba umthamo opheleleyo weekhonteyina ezilayishwe ngoJuni yi-467763 TEU, ngelixa umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe wehle waya kwi-96067 TEU - elona nqanaba liphantsi ukusukela ngo-2005. KwiPort of Long Beach, ukungeniswa kwempahla kwinyanga ephelileyo kunyuke nge-18.8% ukuya kwi-357,101 TEU, apho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle nge-0.5% ukuya kwi-116,947 TEU. Ukungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwezi zibhedlele zimbini kwinyanga ephelileyo kunyuke nge-13.3% xa kuthelekiswa nenyanga efanayo ngo-2019.

Kwangaxeshanye, ngokutsho kwamagosa ajonga izithuthi ezikwizibuko, ukusukela ngoLwesithathu ebusuku, inani leenqanawa zekhonteyina ezinamatheleyo ezilinde ukuthululwa eLong Beach eLos Angeles beliyi-18. Le ngxaki ibikho ukususela ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo, ifikelele kwincopho yeenqanawa ezimalunga nama-40 ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari.

UGene Seroka, umlawuli ophetheyo wePort of Los Angeles, uthe kwinkomfa yabezindaba ukuba imfuno yeemveliso zabathengi ibonakala ngathi iza kuhlala izinzile unyaka wonke. USeroka uthe: "Imfashini yasekwindla, izinto zokubuyela esikolweni kunye neempahla zeHalloween ziyafika kwiindawo zethu zokuthenga, kwaye abanye abathengisi bathumele iimveliso zeholide zokuphela konyaka ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo." "Zonke iimpawu zibonisa ukuba isiqingatha sesibini sinamandla."

UMario Cordero, umlawuli ophetheyo weLong Beach, uthe nangona izibuko lilindele ukuba urhwebo lwe-e-commerce lukhuthaze ukuthuthwa kwempahla kwisithuba esiseleyo sowama-2021, umthamo wempahla ungafikelela kwincopho yawo. UCordero uthe: "Njengoko uqoqosho luqhubeka luvuleka kwaye iinkonzo zisanda, uJuni ubonisa ukuba imfuno yabathengi yeempahla iya kuzinza kancinci kancinci."

Isishwankathelo semarike yamazwe ngamazwe kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka singachazwa ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukwanda okukhulu kwemfuno yezothutho

Ngokwengxelo yekota yesibini kaClarkson, izinga lokukhula komthamo wothutho lweekhonteyina kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2021 limalunga ne-6.0%, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-206 yezigidi ze-TEU!

2. Isantya seenqanawa ezintsha ezingena kwimarike sahlala sizinzile, kwaye iinqanawa ezinkulu zaqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili.

Ngokwezibalo zikaClarkson, ukusukela nge-1 kaMeyi, inani leenqanawa ezigcweleyo zehlabathi yayiyi-5,426, i-24.24 yezigidi ze-TEU.

3. Irenti yeenqwelo-moya iyaqhubeka nokunyuka

Imfuno yokuqeshisa iinqanawa ikhule ngokuthe chu, kwaye abanye abanini bemithwalo nabo bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokuqeshisa. Inqanaba lokuqeshisa kwimarike liye landa ngokuthe chu kwaye lafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu kulo nyaka.

Imarike yamazwe ngamazwe kulindeleke ukuba ibonise ezi mpawu zilandelayo kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka:

1. Ukunyuka kwezoqoqosho kukhuthaza ukwanda kwemfuno yokuthunyelwa kwempahla. Ngokwengqikelelo kaClarkson, imfuno yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwiikhonteyina zehlabathi iya kunyuka nge-6.1% unyaka nonyaka ngo-2021.

2. Ubungakanani bomthamo wothutho buyaqhubeka nokukhula ngobukhulu.

3. Kwimeko yokuqhubeka nokuchaphazeleka yibhubhane ngo-2021, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemarike yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwihlabathi kuya kuncipha kakhulu.

4. Uxinaniso lweshishini ngokubanzi luzinzile.

Indlela yokusebenza kwemanyano yathintela ishishini ekukhuphisaneni ngesabelo semarike ngokukhuphisana ngamaxabiso aqatha kwaye yagcina uzinzo lwemarike ngexesha lobhubhane.

Ingqikelelo yemarike yaseTshayina kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka:

1. Imfuno yezothutho kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke iphucuka.

2. Ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lempahla kunokwanda. Ubhubhane uyaqhubeka nokuba nefuthe kwimarike yokuthumela impahla, inkqubo yokuhambisa impahla iyaphazamiseka, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi yezibuko kuncitshisiwe kakhulu, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwamandla okuthutha impahla kukwimeko enzima.

Iindlela zaseMntla Melika

Ngenxa yokusabela okubi, inani lamatyala aqinisekisiweyo kunye nokufa kwentsholongwane entsha ye-crown eMelika liphezulu kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona i-United States ityale imali eninzi ukugcina impumelelo yemarike yemali, ayinakufihla ukubuyela umva kancinci koqoqosho lokwenyani. Inani langempela labantu abangasebenziyo lidlula kakhulu elo langaphambi kobhubhane. Kwixesha elizayo, uqoqosho lwaseMelika lunokwenzeka ukuba luphume kwiingxaki zemali.

Ukongeza, ukungqubana okuqhubekayo korhwebo phakathi kweSino-US nako kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kurhwebo phakathi kweSino-US. Okwangoku, i-United States ikhuphe inani elikhulu lezibonelelo zokungaqeshwa, nto leyo evuselele imfuno enkulu kwixesha elifutshane. Kulindeleke ukuba imfuno yokudibanisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-China e-United States iya kuhlala iphezulu kangangexesha elithile, kodwa ijongene nokungaqiniseki okukhulu.

Ngokwezibalo ze-Alphaliner, phakathi kweenqanawa ezintsha ezicwangciselwe ukuhanjiswa ngo-2021, kukho iinqanawa ezili-19 ze-10000～15199TEU ezinee-TEU ezingama-227,000, ukunyuka konyaka nge-168.0%. Le ntsholongwane ibangele ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, ukwehla okukhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezibuko, kwaye inani elikhulu leekhonteyina livaleleke kwizibuko.

Ngenxa yokwanda kotyalo-mali kwizixhobo zeekhonteyina kunye nokubuyiselwa kwamandla amatsha, kulindeleke ukuba ukunqongophala kwangoku kweekhonteyina ezingenanto kunye namandla amancinci kuya kuncipha. Kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, ukuba ubhubhane wase-US uzinza kancinci kancinci, kulindeleke ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwe-China e-US kuhlale kuzinzile, kodwa kuya kubakho ubunzima obuthile ukuba buyaqhubeka nokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ubudlelwane bokubonelela kunye nemfuno yeendlela zaseMntla Melika buya kubuyela kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, kwaye amazinga okuthutha impahla kwimarike kulindeleke ukuba abuye ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphezulu lembali ukuya kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo.

Indlela esuka eYurophu iye emhlabeni

Ngowama-2020, ubhubhane waqala eYurophu waza wahlala ixesha elide. Kamva, ngenxa yokuqhambuka kohlobo lwe-mutant delta, uqoqosho lwaseYurophu lwachaphazeleka ngakumbi.

Ukungena kowama-2021, nangona ubhubhane uqhubeka nokusasazeka eYurophu, uqoqosho lwaseYurophu lubonakalise ukuqina okuhle. Kunye nesicwangciso sokuvuselela uqoqosho lwe-EU esingazange sibonwe ngaphambili esamkelwe yingingqi ye-EU, sidlale indima exhasayo ekubuyiseleni uqoqosho lwaseYurophu kwimpembelelo yobhubhane. Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokuhla kancinci kobhubhane, imfuno yeTshayina yokudibanisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eYurophu iyaphucuka, kwaye ubudlelwane bokunikezelwa kwemarike kunye nemfuno buzinzile.

Ngokwengxelo kaDrewry, imfuno yezothutho oluya entshona kuMntla Yurophu naseMntla Melika iya kuba malunga ne-10.414 yezigidi ze-TEU ngo-2021, ukunyuka konyaka nge-2.0%, kwaye izinga lokukhula liya kunyuka ngama-6.8 eepesenti ukusuka ngo-2020.

Ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezothutho kuncitshiswe kakhulu, kwaye ezinye izikhongozeli zivaleleke kumazibuko, kwaye imakethi ibonakalise imeko yeendawo zokuhambisa ezixineneyo.

Ngokuphathelele umthamo, umthamo uwonke wemarike okwangoku ukwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ngexesha lobhubhane, ukukhula komthamo kuye kwacotha. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo omtsha uza kuba ziinqanawa ezinkulu, eziza kutyalwa kakhulu kwiindlela eziphambili ukuze kuncitshiswe ukunqongophala komthamo. Kwixesha elide, xa imakethi yokuthumela iikhonteyina ibuyela kwimeko yayo entle emva kwempembelelo yobhubhane, imakethi iya kubuyela kumlinganiselo wokubonelela kunye nemfuno.

Indlela esuka eMntla ukuya eMzantsi

Ngowama-2021, ubhubhane uza kuqhubeka usasazeka kwihlabathi liphela. Amazwe atyale imali eninzi ukunyusa amaxabiso eempahla, kwaye uninzi lwamaxabiso eempahla anyukile afikelela kumanqanaba ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kwengxaki yezemali yehlabathi ngo-2008, nto leyo eyanciphisa ubunzima bamazwe athumela izixhobo kwamanye amazwe.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwamazwe athumela izixhobo kwamanye amazwe ngamazwe asakhulayo, inkqubo yezempilo yoluntu ibuthathaka, kwaye akukho mijelo yokugonya yokulawula ubhubhane. Ubhubhane eBrazil, eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe unzima kakhulu, kwaye uqoqosho luphela luchaphazeleke kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ubhubhane omkhulu uvuselele imfuno yezinto eziyimfuneko zemihla ngemihla kunye nezixhobo zonyango.

Ngokwengqikelelo kaClarkson, ngo-2021, imfuno yokuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina kwiindlela zaseLatin America, kwiindlela zaseAfrika, nakwiindlela zaseOceania iya kunyuka nge-7.1%, 5.4% kunye ne-3.7% unyaka nonyaka, ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye izinga lokukhula liya kunyuka ngamanqaku eepesenti ayi-8.3, 7.1 kunye ne-3.5 ngokwahlukeneyo xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2020.

Lilonke, imfuno yezothutho kwindlela esuka emantla ukuya emazantsi iza kuqhubeka ngo-2021, kwaye ubhubhane unciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokubonelela kwaye waqinisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla ezothutho.

Imarike yendlela esuka emantla ukuya emazantsi ixhaswa yimfuno yezothutho kwixesha elifutshane, kodwa ukuba imeko yobhubhane kumazwe afanelekileyo ayilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, iya kubeka uxinzelelo kwindlela yemarike kwixesha elide.

Indlela yaseJapan

Emva kokungena ngo-2021, ubhubhane eJapan uphinde wanda waza wadlula incopho yobhubhane ngo-2020, ukuze iOlimpiki yaseTokyo ibanjwe ngendlela yokuba ababukeli bangavunyelwa ukungena ebaleni. Isixa esikhulu semali etyalwe kwiOlimpiki sinokuhlangabezana nelahleko enkulu.

Lo bhubhani uqhubele phambili kuqoqosho lwaseJapan olusele lubuthathaka, kunye neengxaki ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezifana nokukhula kwabantu abadala, ukukhula koqoqosho lwaseJapan akunamandla xa kujongwa amatyala aphezulu.

Imfuno yothutho lweendlela zokuthumela ngaphandle zaseTshayina ukuya eJapan ngokubanzi izinzile. Ukongeza, iinkampani ezihamba ngeenqwelo-mafutha ezisebenzisa iindlela zaseJapan ziye zakha iphethini yeshishini ezinzileyo kangangeminyaka emininzi, ziphepha ukhuphiswano olubi ngesabelo semarike, kwaye imeko yemarike ihlala izinzile.

Iindlela ngaphakathi eAsia

Amazwe aseAsia alawula kakuhle ubhubhane aza kujongana nobhubhane onzima ngakumbi ngo-2021, kwaye amazwe afana neIndiya abangele ukuba ubhubhane ungalawuleki ngenxa yohlobo lwe-delta mutant.

Njengoko amazwe aseAsia ikakhulu engamazwe asakhasayo, iinkqubo zempilo nezonyango zibuthathaka, kwaye ubhubhane uthintele urhwebo, utyalo-mali, kunye nokuhamba kwabantu. Ukuba ubhubhane ungalawulwa ngempumelelo kuya kuba yinto ephambili egqiba ukuba uqoqosho lwaseAsia lunokuzinza kwaye luphinde lubuyele kwimeko yesiqhelo kwixesha elizayo.

Ngokwengqikelelo kaClarkson, ngo-2021, imfuno yokuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphakathi kwengingqi e-Asia iya kuba malunga ne-63.2 yezigidi ze-TEU, ukunyuka kwe-6.4% ngonyaka. Imfuno yokuthutha izinzile kwaye ibuyele umva, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwamandla okuthunyelwa kwempahla kwiindlela zokuthunyelwa kwempahla kuya kuba nzima kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ubhubhane unokubangela ukungaqiniseki okukhulu kwimfuno yokuthutha kwixesha elizayo. , Izinga lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwimarike linokutshintshatshintsha ngakumbi.